Ever think your phone can hear what you’re saying? Speculate your every move is being tracked and watched?
Well, there’s a way, even if you try to remain anonymous and limit device tracking and monitoring, you could still be followed and your data sold.
The Multibillion-dollar Market for Location Data
Companies you’ve likely never heard of are profiting, in large sums, from the location history on your mobile phone.
The location data industry, estimated to be worth a staggering $12 billion, involves collectors, aggregators, marketplaces, and location intelligence firms. These entities boast about the scale and precision of the data they’ve amassed, claiming access to billions of devices worldwide.
But how did they get that information? How do they know your movements?
The Vulnerability of Personal Device Location Data
Social Engineering and Targeting
Social engineering attacks exploit human psychology to manipulate individuals into divulging sensitive information. Armed with precise location data and patterns, cybercriminals can craft convincing scams, phishing emails, or even fraudulent calls. Not to mention the in-person implications of knowing your movements and being able to intercept you to cause harm, grab your device itself, or a host of other nefarious acts.
Real-time location data exacerbates this threat. When an individual deviates from their typical movement pattern, it could signal an abnormal situation, such as injury, suspicious behavior, or illegal activity.
Businesses and employers are also at risk. Scammers target employees to steal sensitive information and compromise digital security.
Depending on the employer, the risks are even greater.
National Security Risks
In 2019, technologist Mike Yeagley warned the US government about the location data problem. He used Grindr, a popular dating app, and its reliance on GPS data to connect potential partners.
The app allowed access to this data to online advertisers.
Yeagley demonstrated how this seemingly innocuous app posed a serious national security risk by showing the movements, including dates and times, of government officials by showing device movements from residential locations to the Pentagon, discrete meetings, and back to work before returning home. While the exact person had remained anonymous, the location data was not and allowed Yeagley to determine the identity by following the pattern to the same residence and pulling up public information to determine who lived at the address.
The same vulnerabilities exist in countless other apps carelessly handling location data.
Responsible handling of location data becomes paramount to safeguard privacy and prevent unintended consequences. As technology advances, we must strike a balance between convenience and security.
Here’s another scenario to exemplify the extent and impact of this data tracking and selling.
Miranda’s Journey: Overcast Skies & Personalized Ads
Miranda, a woman with a Google Pixel phone and the Weather Channel app installed prepares for a jog. She checks the weather app for the forecast due to overcast skies.
Behind the Scenes
Miranda’s click on the Weather Channel’s app icon sets off a digital chain reaction.
An advertising exchange, acting as a massive marketplace, receives data from billions of mobile devices and computers.
The Weather Channel app shares a wealth of information with the exchange:
Miranda’s IP address
Android software version
Carrier details
Technical configuration (screen resolution, etc.)
Most crucially, the precise GPS coordinates of Miranda’s phone (to get the most accurate forecast, of course)
Additionally, Miranda’s pseudonymized advertising ID, known as an AAID (or IDFA on Apple devices), is transmitted.
The Value of Location Data
Miranda’s real-world movement, app usage, and browsing behavior are now part of a commercially available repository.
Governments increasingly purchase this data rather than resorting to hacking or secret court orders.
In this intricate dance of data, Miranda’s seemingly innocuous action triggers a frenzy of digital activity, shaping the personalized ads she encounters under the guise of marketing data. While these anonymized IDs serve advertisers, they also raise privacy concerns and underscore the delicate balance between convenience and surveillance.
The Unsettling Reality: Your Every Move Is Tracked
The implications of selling personal device location data are very real; they touch the lives of every smartphone user, including you. Whether it’s using a dating app or granting a weather app permission to track your whereabouts, your precise movement patterns have likely been documented and stored in data banks accessible to tens of thousands of total strangers. Let’s delve into this unsettling reality:
The Data Vacuum: Who’s Watching?
Intelligence Agencies:
Your daily routines, favorite hangouts, and travel patterns are available to intelligence agencies. They can piece together a comprehensive profile of your life, habits, and vulnerabilities.
Imagine the implications if a foreign intelligence agency gains access to this treasure trove of information for government officials, special forces, or military operatives preparing for a covert mission.
Foreign Governments:
Beyond national borders, foreign governments also seek this data. It provides insights into citizens’ movements, social circles, and affiliations.
The potential for misuse—whether for surveillance, espionage, or coercion—is immense.
Private Investigators:
Private investigators, hired by individuals or organizations, can exploit this data. They track targets, uncover secrets, and build cases.
From marital infidelity to corporate espionage, location data is a powerful tool.
Journalists:
Whether it’s the Wall Street Journal or a nosy neighbor, someone can follow leads, expose scandals, and unravel hidden connections.
The Stories Hidden in the Data
Infidelity and Privacy Breaches:
If you’ve ever cheated on your spouse, your location data settings could betray you. Evidence of secret rendezvous or suspicious outings may exist in data available for purchase even if you’ve limited location tracking if you allow any app to operate or track location running in the background.
Private matters like checking into a drug rehab facility, visiting family members, or more can all be exploited.
Career Moves and Rivalries:
Did you tell your boss you took a sick day and then secretly interviewed at a rival company? That seemingly simple decision could be documented.
Your smartphone’s digital trail might link you to career moves, job interviews, and professional rivalries.
Crime and Vandalism:
Your cell phone could place you at the scene of a crime.
Data records persist beyond the moment, potentially connecting you to physical crime scenes beyond the digital landscape.
Reckless Behavior and Consequences:
Had a few pints before causing a car crash and drove off without calling the police? Don’t recall the night in question? The data remembers.
The Bottom Line
You may not realize it, but your app usage and location access to your device can linger as sellable information in digital shadows.
In our interconnected world, our every move leaves a trace—a breadcrumb trail of data capable of detailing our patterns, exposing our vulnerabilities, and impact our futures. As we navigate this landscape, awareness and vigilance are our best defenses.
